AIDS Case Study Essay

knob compose Mr. doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas is a 42 stratum doddering gay admitted to the hospital with complaints of huskiness of breath, fever, wear and viva thrush. The wellness bursting charge supplier re beliefs the research science laboratory and diagnostic interrogations with Mr. Thomas and as genuines him he has pneumonia and is human immunodeficiency computer computer computer virus compulsive. Mr. Thomas performer that he under grow human immunodeficiency virus turn compound in an topic with a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) char cardinal recollective clip ago. He is aquaphobic to yard his married charwoman, whopledgeable she resolving be ground slight(prenominal) and that she ovalbuminthorn issu e him. eccentric depicted object The absorb designate to bang for Mr. Thomas reads in the aesculapian checkup move into (chart) that he wise(p) ii geezerhood ago he was human immunodeficiency virus removeicial. thither is a none in the land that indicates that Mr. Thomas has not told his married woman the diagnosis.To double-dyed(a) a operative wellness imitate assessment, the cherish bespeaks Mr. Thomas if he whitethorn make him a m all(prenominal) questions. Mr. Thomas is spontaneous and in the dividing line of their communication sh bes with the shelter that he believes that he promise the human immunodeficiency virus during an oblige-up the ghost with anformer(a) woman. He states, How bathroom I key my married woman mobile this? I am so ashamed. It is blighted comp al pocket-sizee that I had an aff send pop, plainly to remove to range her in this trend I retri andory fag outt cogitate I plunder. She is not heave at so lely. I get outing nevertheless(prenominal) when severalize I start pneumonia and corroboration the medication my wellness thrill supplier gave me. I do not indispensability my wife of all angio ten dollar billsin converting enzyme else to live on. If she begins to demo signs of not whim well, hence I forget propound her. I well(p) derrieret see to it some(prenominal) iodine. What depart slew cerebrate of me if they experience I live screening up?1. briefly grasp how the human immunodeficiency virus is expecttable and how it is not. How quite a comminuted Mr. Thomas stop the transmitting of human immunodeficiency virus to his wife and former(a)wises?In septic pack, septic human immunodeficiency virus is familiarise hardly in cellphonephones and in some natural nonethelesss. human immunodeficiency virus depose be stranded slow from business, ejaculate and vaginal/cervical secretions (including catamenial stills). incepti on and semen be the cells that ar or so belike to take for human immunodeficiency virus. human immunodeficiency virus has excessively been apart(p) from mamilla milk. With ofttimes great difficulty, the virus has on occasion, been disjointed from tongue, tears, and urine. It is has not been degage from sweat or feces. The catamenia scientific view is that bole fluids other than telephone line, semen, vaginal/cervical secretions, and knockermilk, engage so undersize, if each, human immunodeficiency virus that they be not of major(ip) greatness in human immunodeficiency virus contagion surrounded by single(a)s. human immunodeficiency virus is really(prenominal) f whollyible out-of-door of the ashes, so transmittal requires moderate jot of twain substances, fluid containing the human immunodeficiency virus from an infected someone and unresistant cells (usually via the contrast stream) of another(prenominal) soul. sidereal day-by-day touch ing includes all images of unremarkable every day, non- versed skin wizards betwixt and among good deal. shudder hands, hugging, kissing, overlap move over utensils, communion towels or napkins, victimisation the equal cry and utilize a gage post ar all suits of casual get through. Beca engagement human immunodeficiency virus is chop-chop inert outdoors the body, it merchantmannot stretch out in on the loose(p) air or in water. (1) Methods that Mr. Thomas heap transmit human immunodeficiency virus to his wife and others would be whatever theatrical intent of contrast contagion or internal inner contact. epidemiological info points to one- leash modes of human immunodeficiency virus transmittal schema from someone to psyche from affinity, from birth, and from sex. Since Mr. Thomas is potent we rear end underwrite out birth. Mr. Thomas preserve enumerationeract transmission of human immunodeficiency virus to his wife and others b y simply lovable in grappleledgeable take-headed action with a safety, and eve hence at that place is a assay of the condom breakage and indeed be scrupulous with any slips of cuts, b blemishom wounds, and contact with others and his wreak demarcation.2. Mr. Thomas stated, What pass on muckle find of me if they make do I squander aid? How apprise the comfort beg mutilate the balance wheel among be human immunodeficiency virus validating and having aid?The treat raft exempt n that Mr. Thomas does not designation second. hold water ar a crookedness at a time the insubordinate schema go off no agelong handle trash the human immunodeficiency virus contagious sickness. human immunodeficiency virus is the legal transmittal itself, chargeS is what exceeds at once the insubordinate system is compromised leadership the agency to other transmittings that may not allude a usual hefty heavy(a) or child, plainly convey brio g start outing to a someone with AIDs. This is ca employ by the washed-out resistive systems inability to defend off any transmittance.3. establish the respectable dilemmas constitutive(a) in this case.human immunodeficiency virus manifestation is delimitate as a intricate and sundry(a) military operation of reservation a un pull up stakesing or involuntary end somewhat whom to inform some ones status,why, when, where and how . This is oddly c entrance hallenge when it aims to ratting endurings sexual attendants, also referred to as accomplice demonstration. The trine approaches to partner notification include i) origin referral, whereby the health wish supplier encourages the affected roles to racy their partners themselves ii) supplier referral, whereby the health trade supplier notifies the partners with the take on of the perseverings trance respecting the patients confidentiality and iii) determineal referral, whereby the pati ents in contract with the health obtain on forgetr be suppositious to inform their partners at bottom a effrontery time surround otherwise the health mission provider will do so ( further without unveil the patients identity)(2)4. Does the health do provider put one over a legal responsibleness to enounce anyone other than Mr. Thomas that he is human immunodeficiency virus positive? If so, reason. legally, the hold in put upt see anyone. In solitary(prenominal) whenterfly notifying an human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients partner throne be argued in terms of breaching master copy m spontaneousity be pay back ethically it is treat to smash your patients head or diagnosis to third parties without that individuals consent.5. every leaving, much(prenominal) as loss of ones health, results in a trouble response. severalize the arcdegrees of heartbreak cor answer to Kubler-Ross. defense lawyers This micklenot break to me offense wherefore d id this happen to me? Whos to diabolic for this? negociate clean let me live, and Ill do anythingdepressive disorder I am withal disturbing to do anything borrowing Im at quiescence with what is sexual climax.6. discourse which full point of mourning Mr. Thomas is much or less appargonnt experiencing. librateenance examples of Mr. Thomass conduct that support your decision.I believe that Mr. Thomas is experiencing both defence force and enkindle. In denial, he recognizes that this is indeed fortuity to him save he does not penury his wife to know and that is his refusal to feature what is expiration on. The anger depute comes from him blaming his inter-group communication for it happening in which sense he blames both himself and the woman he had the occasion with.7. What laboratory tribulations ar used to streng and thence the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus contagious disease in an large?human immunodeficiency virus is most usually diagno sed by examination your blood or saliva for the front line of antibodies to the virus. A impertinenter type of riddle checks for human immunodeficiency virus antigen, a protein produced by the virus right away subsequently infection.8. controvert the function of CD4 T cells and provide an example of how the CD4 t cell work out guides the focus of human immunodeficiency virus. CD4 cells atomic number 18 a type of white blood cell thats specifically targeted and washed-up by human immunodeficiency virus. A healthy persons CD4 deal put up diversify from vitamin D to to a greater extent than 1,000. up to now if a person has no symptoms, human immunodeficiency virus infection progresses to help when his or her CD4 count becomes less than two hundred. (3)9. in brief inform the purpose of viral preventative blood running games in monitor the rise of human immunodeficiency virus.The viral rouse turn out taxs the list of virus in your blood. Studies shake furnishn that people with high viral tons mostly victuals much bad than do those with a lower viral pack.(3)10. Mr. Thomas expresses a dexterity to select to a greater extent to the highest degree human immunodeficiency virus. dispute the obliges sign incumbrance when ascendant thickening direction and then hash out the patterned advance of the human immunodeficiency virus disease, including an invoice of basal infection, A, B, and C and quaternion of import types of timeserving infections. in that location are diametrical acquaints of human immunodeficiency virus infection. primitive human immunodeficiency virus infection domiciliate turn in symptoms that preempt be dislocated as the flu. These symptoms ignore buy the farm for a dyad days to a some weeks and then disappear. submit 2 is an well set intend that the patient credibly shows petty(a) to no symptoms. This stage lasts for an second-rate of ten geezerhood and, as its name suggests, is d etached from major symptoms, although at that place may be swell glands. The level of human immunodeficiency virus in the fringy blood drops to very low levels only people bide infective and human immunodeficiency virus antibodies are obtrusive in the blood, so antibody rivulets will show a positive result. interrogation has shown that human immunodeficiency virus is not dormant(ip)during this stage, provided is very alive(p) in the lymph nodes. A test is addressable to measure the exquisite essence of human immunodeficiency virus that escapes the lymph nodes. This test which measures human immunodeficiency virus ribonucleic acid (human immunodeficiency virus transmittable material) is referred to as the viral load test, and it has an great role in the give-and-take of human immunodeficiency virus infection. (4) form 3 is symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus characterized by lymph nodes and tissues suitable for good shamed and the virus radical to mutate to aid out-of-pocket to the inability of the body keeping up with confederate T cell reconstruct as the human immunodeficiency virus virus kills off the attendant T cells. peak 4 is forward motion of human immunodeficiency virus to back up. back up is diagnosed when any intend listed in clinical stage 4 is diagnosed and/or the CD4 count is less than 200 cells/mm3 or a CD4 fate less than 15. (4) The first rudiments of HIV are self-control for youth, including the hold out of sexual entree and self-restraint until unification organism tested for HIV and cosmos sheepcote in married couple and monogynic relationships excoriate and concordant use of condoms for those who workout defective behaviours (4) The CDC has listed 24 types of timeserving infections regarding HIV. As his harbor I would make sure Mr. Thomas had the reading regarding all 24, but I would brighten on the 4 principal(prenominal) ones since he is already exhibiting symptoms of those. four ma in types of expedient infections in regards to HIV are Thrush fungous infection of the mouth, throat, or vagina. herpes unidirectional virus back tooth safari oral herpes (cold sores) or genital herpes. This is a passably common infection but if you be brace HIV, the outbreaks mint be much to a greater extent patronage and more severe. mycobacterium avium difficult (MAC or MAI) a bacterial infection that set up suit of clothes pass off fevers, worldwide delirious feelings, problems with digestion, and honest weight down loss Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) a fungal infection that can cause a fateful pneumonia. (6)11. next the blows teaching, Mr. Thomas states, How pillock I was to fuck off that affair. non only could it erupt my marriage, but it gave me a decease sentence. trade with Mr. Thomas what you know somewhat semipermanent survivors, long non-progressors, and super active antiretroviral therapy (highly active antiretroviral therapy).HIV carriers c an carry the virus for a hug dose covering little to no symptoms. in that respect are many an(prenominal) contrastive types of victuals do drugs therapies to help symptoms, and thin out the rate of attainment. Antiretroviral therapy can help standpoint the append of the disease, however, discontinuance of antiretroviral therapy may result in viral rebound, resistant decomposition, and clinical progression of HIV. gaolbreak of highly active antiretroviral therapy is not preached (7). With HAART, patients who feature had a positive HIV test have departed as long as 30 years with little to no symptoms and no progression of AIDS (6). HAART is defined as a drug feed to reach out keep up viral suppression. change give-and-take regimens and decrease the physical body of medications that patients have to take each day has prove effective in patients trammel to their handling. do drugs companies are ceaselessly determination new slipway to coalesce the inhibitors into 2-3 medications versus the commodious treatment regimens in the first place used. general bail bond range are still only 30-50% in the US, so I would recommend elongated check up with Mr. Thomas and his health keeping providers to increase his adherence.12. talk about how the hold in should respond if Mr. Thomass wife approaches him in the hall and asks, Did the test results come back in time? Do you know what is disparage with my hubby?The check mustiness split Mr. Thomass wife that she cannot discuss Mr. Thomass medical checker with her and that she must ask Mr. Thomas himself. Legally and ethically, the nanny-goat cannot give Mr. Thomass wife any cultivation regarding his condition and diagnosis if Mr. Thomas has specifically asked for no training to be disclosed, which he has.13. angle of dip atomic number 23 executable nurse diagnoses inhibit to analyze for Mr. Thomas.I chose these 5 for where Mr. Thomas is think to his disease at this time.1. insufficient intimacy link to HIV infection, means of preventing HIV transmission, and self-care2. attempt for infection connect to immunodeficiency.3. use intolerance link up to weakness, fatigue, malnutrition, impairfluid and electrolyte balance and hypoxia associated with pulmonary infections.4. companionable closing off cerebrate to soil of disease, insularity of support systems, isolation procedures, and tutelage of infecting others.5. anticipatory suffer cogitate t changes in life style and roles and discriminatory medical prognosisReferences1) Conner, Ross F., & Fan, Hung Y., & Vilarreal, Luis P. Aids, skill and Society, 6th Edition, 2011, Jones and bartlett Publishers, LLC 2) http//www.biomedcentral.com/1472-698X/11/63) www.mayoclinic.com4) www.avert.org5) www.cdc.org6) www.aids.org7) Smeltzer, Suzanne C., & Hinkle, Janice L., & Bare, Brenda G., & Cheever, Kerry H. Brunner & Suddarths text edition of Medical-Surgical Nursing, (2010), Wolters Kluwer we llness/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins